Gary's Garagemahal (the Bullnose bible)
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    • 3D Printing >
      • Brake Booster Pushrod Gauge
    • How To Decode Ford Part Numbers
    • Accessories >
      • Air Horns
      • CB Radio
      • Roll Bar
      • Step
      • Tie Down Hooks
      • Tonneau Cover
    • Body >
      • Bronco Rear Window
      • Bronco Roof
      • Body Shell, Exterior Trim, Frame & Underbody
      • Door Latches & Locks
      • Door Hinges Checks & Weatherstrips
      • Doors Hood & Tailgate General Service
      • Front Door Window Glass & Mechanisms
      • Hood & Hinges
      • Hood Latch
      • Lock Cylinders & Keys
      • Power Door Locks
      • Power Windows
      • Stationary Glass - Butyl Seal
      • Stationary Glass - Weatherstrip Seal
      • Tailgate
      • Vent Window Mechanism
      • Window Glass & Mechanisms - General Service
    • Bullnose FAQ's
    • Bullnose Upgrades
    • Calibration Info & Part #'s
    • Cooling Systems >
      • Engine Cooling System Training Manual
      • Cooling Fan #'s & Illustrations
      • Cooling System Illustrations
      • Coolant Recovery & Windshield Washer Reservoirs
      • Elbows
      • Heater Hoses
      • Hose Clamps
      • Radiator Hoses
      • Radiator Support
      • Radiators
      • Shroud Part #'s
      • Thermostats
      • Water Pump #'s & Illustrations
    • Driveline >
      • 4WD Front Hubs & Rotors
      • Axles & Differentials
      • Bell Housings
      • Brakes
      • Calculators
      • Clutches and Linkage
      • Drive Shafts
      • Engine Plates
      • Rear Axle Vents
      • Skid Plates
      • Transfer Cases
      • Transmissions >
        • Transmission & Transfer Case Ratios
        • Automatic Transmission >
          • Automatic Transmission Applications
          • General Automatic Transmission Service
          • Automatic Overdrive (AOD)
          • C6
          • Kickdown Linkage
          • Neutral Start Switch
        • Manual Transmissions >
          • Manual Transmission Applications
          • General Manual Transmission Service
          • 3.03 3-Speed Toploader
          • NP435
          • Manual Transmission Shift Levers
          • Single Rail Over Drive (SROD)
          • TOD & SROD Transmissions
          • TOD
          • Warner T-18 & T-19
          • ZF5
        • Over/Under Drives
      • Speedometer Gears, Cables, & Sensors
      • Wheels & Tires
      • Wheel Covers
    • Electrical >
      • 3G Conversion >
        • 3G Conversion - In Development
        • 3G Writeup From Lucas
      • Alternators
      • Ammeter
      • Batteries
      • Battery Cables
      • Battery Trays
      • Circuit Protection
      • Clocks
      • Computer Internals
      • Connectors
      • Distributors
      • Electrical Connectors
      • Electronic Engine Control (EEC)
      • Electricity 099
      • EVTM >
        • 1980 EVTM
        • 1981 EVTM
        • 1985 EVTM
        • 1986 EVTM
        • 1996 EVTM >
          • Index
          • Charging System
          • Daytime Running Lamps
          • Engine Control - 4.9L
          • Engine Control - 5.0L
          • Engine Control - 5.8L Under 8500 GVW
          • Engine Control - 5.8L Over 8500 & 7.5L EEC-IV
          • Engine Control - 7.5L EEC-V
          • Engine Control - Turbo Diesel
          • Fuse Panel & Circuit Protection
          • Grounds
          • How To Use This Manual
          • Ignition System
          • Keyless Entry
          • Power Distribution
          • Speed Control
          • 1996 Power Windows
          • Starting System
          • Transmission Control - 4R70W
          • Transmission Control - E4OD
      • Gauges
      • Ground Wires >
        • Engine-to-Firewall Ground
        • Battery to Ground
        • Battery to RH Fender
        • Firewall to Hood
      • ICVR
      • Ignition
      • Lighting >
        • Dome and Cargo Lights
        • Fog or Driving Lights
        • Headlight Wiring Harness
        • Lighting & Calculations
        • Tag Lights
      • PMGR Starter Wiring
      • Radios
      • Relays
      • Sending Units
      • Speed Control
      • Standard Wire And Color Codes
      • Switches
      • Tachometers
      • Terminals & Connectors
      • Voltage Drop Testing
      • Windshield Wipers
      • Wiring Connectors
      • Wiring Diagrams
      • Wiring Harnesses
      • Wire Routing
    • Emissions >
      • Understanding Emissions Controls
      • Inferred Mileage
      • Thermactor Systems
    • Engines >
      • Compression Ratio Calculator
      • General Engine Service
      • 3.8L (232) V6
      • 300 Six
      • Windsor Series
      • 351M and 400
      • 385 Series
      • IDI Diesel
      • Drive Belts
      • EGR Valves >
        • EGR System Description & Testing
        • EGR Spacer
        • Gasket: Carb/EGR to Intake (9447)
      • Flywheels
      • Manifolds, EGR, Heat Valves, etc
      • Engine Swaps >
        • 300 Six to Small-Block V8
      • Pulleys
      • Starters
    • Exhaust Systems
    • Exterior >
      • Beds, Tailgates, and Components
      • Bumpers
      • Exterior Mirrors
      • Exterior Moulding Retainers
      • Exterior Trim and Moulding
      • Frames >
        • Engine Perches
      • Fuel Filler Doors
      • Name Plates
      • Push Bars
      • Spare Tire Carriers
      • Stationary Glass - Butyl Type Seal
      • Tape And Decal Application
    • Fasteners & Illustrations >
      • Fastener Pictures
      • Fenders and Aprons
      • Frame
      • Headlights and Turn Signals
      • Hood
      • Radiator and Grille
    • Fuel & Air Systems >
      • 1985-1986 Fuel System Adjustments
      • 460 Fuel Systems
      • Air Cleaners
      • Carburetors, Chokes, & EFI >
        • EFI Idle Speed Adjustment
        • Jetting
        • How To Find Carb Parts
        • Chokes
        • Carter YFA 1bbl
        • EFI
        • Edelbrock
        • Motorcraft 2150
        • Holley 4180C
        • Motorcraft 7200 VV
        • Weber Technical Introduction
      • Correct Cold Starting Procedures
      • Diagnostics
      • Fuel System Illustrations >
        • Fuel Filler Pipes
        • 1980-84 F-Series & Bronco
        • 1983-84 F-Series Diesel
        • 1983-87 F350 Chassis Cab DRW
        • 1985 F-Series 302 w/EFI
        • 1985-87 Bronco
        • 1985 on F-Series
      • Fuel System Part #'s >
        • Fuel Filler Pipes
        • Fuel Senders & Pumps
        • Fuel Tanks
        • Fuel Tank Selector Switch
        • Fuel Tank Selector Valve
        • Fuel Tank Shields
        • Fuel Vapor Valve
        • Fuel Vapor Separator
      • Fuel System Wiring
    • HVAC >
      • Blend Door Repair
      • HVAC Systems
      • 300 Six Compressor Illustrations
      • Factory A/C Brackets
    • Interchange >
      • Air Conditioning Interchange
      • Alternator Interchange
      • Brake Interchange
      • Carburetor Interchange
      • Crankshaft Interchange
      • Diesel Injector Pump Interchange
      • Distributor Interchange
      • Fuel Pump Interchange
      • Head Interchange
      • Starter Interchange
      • Steering Interchange
      • Window Lift Motor Interchange
      • Water Pump Interchange
    • Interior >
      • Behind The Seat Storage
      • Boots
      • Carpet
      • Dash
      • Doors >
        • Door Locks
        • Door Panels
        • Electric Windows & Locks
        • Handles & Boot
        • Vent Windows
        • Windows
      • Horn Pads
      • Insulation
      • Interior Soft Trim
      • Interior Trim
      • Instrument Panel Name Plates
      • Instrument & Radio Bezels
      • Kick Panels
      • Knobs
      • Painting Gauge Needles
      • Rear Corner Trim
      • Rear View Mirror
      • Salvaging Rosewood
      • Seat Belts
      • Seat Interchangeability
      • Seats & Seat Tracks
      • Sill Plates
      • Steering Columns & Steering Wheels
      • Sun Visors
    • Picture Galleries >
      • 1981 F100 With 318 Miles
      • 1983 XLS Survivor
      • 1983 Ford Bronco 4x4 Dobbs-Stroppe Team Chase Car
      • 1983 Bronco Survivor
      • 1984 Bronco XLT
      • 1984 F150 XL
      • 1984 F150 Survivor
      • 1984 FORD F-150 XLT PICKUP
      • 1985 F-150 Survivor
      • 1985 F150 4×4 Flareside
      • Big Blackie
      • Big Blue >
        • Big Blues Documentation
      • Dad's Truck >
        • Air Cleaner
        • Aluminum Wheel Refinishing
        • Electrical Components >
          • Alternator
          • Battery
          • Power Distribution
        • Gauges
        • Engine
        • Frame
        • Seats
        • Transfer Case
        • Transmission
      • Rusty
      • Ugly Green
    • Reference >
      • Hose & Fittings
      • Standard & Utility Parts Catalog
    • Specifications >
      • Assembly Plants
      • Axle Ratios
      • Body Codes - Interior
      • Build Sheet Interpretation
      • Dimensions and Weights
      • Interior Paint
      • Calibration Codes
      • Certification Label
      • DSO Codes
      • Electrical
      • Engine Codes
      • Exterior Paint Codes
      • 10-01 Identification Codes
      • Lubricant Specifications
      • Model Codes
      • Reserve Capacity
      • Spring Codes
      • Standard Features And Options
      • Towing
      • Transmission Codes
      • Tape Stripe Codes >
        • Bronco Tape Stripe Codes
        • F-Series Tape Stripe Codes
      • VIN Decoding
    • Suspension & Steering >
      • 2WD Spindles
      • Alignment
      • Body Mounts
      • Crossmembers
      • Frames
      • Front Suspension
      • Steering >
        • General Steering Service
        • Lower Steering Shaft
        • Manual Steering Gear Box
        • Power Steering
        • Saginaw Conversions
        • Steering Columns
        • Tie Rods and Drag Links
      • Rear Suspension >
        • Auxiliary Springs
        • Rear Springs
      • Sway Bar
    • TSB's >
      • TSB Index
      • Body/Windnoise/Water Leaks/Trim >
        • 81-06-13 Bumper Guard & Tire Carrier
        • 81-7-23 Seat Belts Become Too Tight
        • 83-3-15 Pickup Box Alignment
        • 81-06-15 Pickup Box Wood Floor Replacement
        • 83-13-4 Sheet Metal Welding Procedures
        • 83-16-17 Pickup Box Lean
        • 83-24-18 Swing-Lock Mirror Moves
        • 83-13-22 Electric Mirror Loose Glass
        • 83-24-19 Mirror Head Vibration
        • 87-01-18 Tool Box Mount
      • Electrical / Climate Control / Starting / Charging >
        • 80-4-13S A/C RAPID ON-OFF CYCLING OF COMPRESSOR CLUTCH
        • 81-1-10 FM Radio Interference
        • 81-7-24 Temperature Control Cable Too Long
        • 84-24-9 Noise - Radio Ignition Buzz
        • 87-03-07 EEC-IV Driveability TSB Summary
        • 87-07-20 Radio Ignition Noise
        • 87-21-10 EEC-IV Diagnostics
        • 88-05-07 Malfunction Indicator Light Introduction
        • 89-22-08 Emissions Maintenance Warning Module
        • 90-25-12 Speed Control
        • 96-21-04 2G Alternator Repair
      • Brakes/Steering/Suspension/Wheels >
        • 80-14-14-S STEERING
        • 81-06-04 Integral Power Steering Gear
        • 81-06-16 Front Wheel Grease Seal Gaskets
        • 81-06-17 Rear Parking Brake Cables
        • 81-2-25 REAR SUSPENSION TORQUE SPECS
        • 89-19-01 Brake Noise Recap Of TSB's
        • 89-25-16 Brake Ride Height Proportioning Valve
        • 90-13-9 Frame Cracking At Rear Shock Mount
        • 96-15-11 Frame-Rivet Replacement With Bolts
        • 97-03-10 Frame Creaking/Popping
        • Steering Gear Frame Liner
      • Engine/Cooling System/Exhaust >
        • 81-2-27 ENGINE DETONATION
        • 83-13-7 Correct Oil Fill Level
        • 83-25-21 Air Cleaner Sealing
        • 83-13-8 RTV Sealant - New Material
        • 87-06-10 Stall/No Start: TFI
        • 88-07-16 4.9L Exhaust Manifold Warping
      • Transmission/Clutch/Driveshaft/Axle >
        • 81-5-15 AOD TRANSMISSION
        • 81-06-18 Clutch Housing Fills w/Mud/Dirt
        • 81-07-25 Clutch Shudder/Chatter In Reverse
        • 81-7-26 Missing Shims On SROD
        • 82-25-16(S) Upshift Indicator Light
        • 83-3-23 Axle Lubricant Drain And Refill
        • 83-23-17 8.8" Rear Axle Vent
        • 84-24-13 Transfer Case - Grinding/Block-Out
        • 90-16-07 High Clutch Effort
      • Driveability/Fuel/Ignition/Emissions >
        • 81-6-19 Cold Driveaway Performance Improvements
        • 81-6-20 Piston Slap During Cold Driveaway
        • 81-6-21 Power Valve Vacuum Hose
        • 83-11-12-S Stall/No Start/Hessitation
        • 88-05-14 Low Oil Pressure
        • 91-25-07 IAC Bypass
        • EMW Module
      • Noise/Vibration/Ride/Squeaks/Rattles >
        • 80-1-12-S REAR SPRING SQUEAK
      • Miscellaneous/General >
        • 83-14-1 UNDERHOOD PRODUCTION STAMP RELOCATION
      • Health/Safety/Environmental Hazard information
      • CALIBRATION: 4-53F-R00
      • Fuel Cross-Flow
    • Underhood >
      • Cowl Seal
      • Engine Compartment Lamp
      • Fender Aprons
      • Jacks, Lug Wrenches, etc
      • Speed Control
      • Tool Box
    • Vacuum Systems >
      • Vacuum System Acronyms
      • Vacuum Diagrams >
        • 300 Six
        • 302/5.0L
        • 351W
        • 351M/400
        • 460 V8
      • Vacuum Fittings
      • Vacuum Reservoirs
      • Vacuum System Requirements
      • Vacuum System Testing
    • Metrics
    • About Me/Contact Me >
      • Youth Classes >
        • Automotive Maintenance >
          • Fall of 2015
        • Building Web Sites >
          • Lesson 1
          • Lesson 2
          • Lesson 3
          • LTC
        • Overview of Paul's Life, Journeys, & Works >
          • Lesson 1
          • Lesson 2
      • Projects >
        • Engine Cradle
        • Gauge Pocket
        • Rear Bumper And Spare Tire Carrier
    • Year-To-Year Differences >
      • Door Locks & Turn Signals
    • Test Page
    • 91-6-7 Sterling 10.25 Hub Leaks
  • Library
    • 1980 Literature >
      • 1980 Explorer Program
      • 1980 EVTM
      • 1980 Accessories
      • 1980 Bronco
      • 1980 Free Wheelin' Fords
      • 1980 Interior & Exterior Colors
      • 1980 Light Truck Roadability Diagnosis Guide
      • 1980 Owner's Guide
      • 1980 Truck Service Highlights - Chassis
      • 1980 Truck Service Highlights - Electrical
      • 1980 Service Highlights - Climate Conrol
      • 1980 Service Highlights - Front Axle, Steering, & Suspension
      • 1980 Light Truck Exterior Colors
      • 1980 Ford Recreational Vehicles
      • 1980 Pickup Brochure
      • 1980 4-Wheeler Brochure
      • 1980 Engine, Emission & Related Systems
    • 1981 Literature >
      • 18 MPG Ford
      • 1981 Accessories
      • 1981 4-Wheeler
      • 1981 Bronco Advert's
      • 1981 Bronco Brochure
      • 1981 Explorer Brochure
      • 1981 Exterior Color Selections
      • 1981 EVTM
      • 1981 Ford Trucks
      • 1981 Pickup Advert's
      • 1981 Pickup Brochure
      • 1981 User's Guide
      • 1981 Truck Facts Organizer
      • Tough '81 Pickups
      • 21 MPG Pickup
    • 1982 Literature >
      • 1982 Explorer Program
      • 1982 Engine Emissions Diagnosis >
        • Introduction
        • Book I - Engine/Emissions Diagnosis >
          • Index & Introduction
          • Diagnostic Routines
          • Emissions Related Components
          • Carburetors
          • Ignition Systems
          • Catalyst & Exhaust Systems
          • Exhaust Gas Recirculation
          • Evaporative Emission System
          • Inlet Air Temperature Control
          • Positive Crankcase Ventilation
          • Thermactor Systems
          • Fuel Delivery Systems
        • Book II - Electronic Diagnosis >
          • Emission Related Components
          • Diagnostic Routines
          • Engine Electronic Controls (EEC)
          • MCU's For I-4 & I-6 Engines
          • MCU's For V-6 & V-8 Engines
        • Metrics
      • 1982 Accessories
      • 1982 Bronco
      • 1982 Pickup Brochure
      • 1982 Special Performance Specifications
      • 1982 Light Truck Facts Book
      • 1982 Exterior Colors
    • 1983 Literature >
      • 1983 Bronco
      • 1983 Chassis-Cab
      • 1983 Dealer's Fact Book
      • 1983 F-Series
      • 1983 FORD LIGHT TRUCK EXTERIOR COLOR SELECTIONS
      • 1983 Owner Guide
    • 1984 Literature >
      • 1984 Explorer Program
      • 1984 Bronco
      • 1984 Emission DIagnosis >
        • Section 3 - Emission Related Components
        • Section 6 - Exhaust Gas Recirculation
        • Section 22 EEC-IV 4.9L Light Truck
        • Section 23 EEC-IV 5.0L & 5.8L Light Truck
        • Section 24 Quick Test Appendices
        • Section 25 Pinpoint Tests
      • 1984 Ford Trucks
      • 1984 Exterior Colors
      • 1984 F-Series Brochure
      • 1984 Owner Guide
      • 1984 Light Truck Data Book >
        • Bronco
        • F-Series
        • Axles
        • Brakes
        • Cab & Bodies
        • Clutch-Driveline-Transmission
        • Electrical
        • Engines - Diesel
        • Engines - Gas
        • Frames - Suspension - Steering
        • Noise Regulations
        • Safety Standards
        • Wheels - Rims - Tires
    • 1985 Literature >
      • 1985 EVTM
      • 1985 Body Builders
      • 1985 Bronco
      • 1985 Rapid-Spec Price List
      • 1985 Explorer
      • 1985 Explorer Program
      • 1985 Early F-Series Pickup
      • 1985 Late F-Series Pickup
      • 1985 Ford Trucks
      • 1985 Operating Guide
      • 1985 Owner Guide
      • 1985 Diesel Owner Guide Supplement
      • 1985 Exterior Colors
      • 1985 Carb & Fuel System Specs
    • 1986 Literature >
      • 1986 4-Wheeling With Ford
      • 1986 Explorer Program
      • 1986 Engine & Emissions Diagnosis >
        • Section 1 - Emission Control ID & Application
        • Section 2 - Diagnostic Routines
        • Section 3 - Emission Related Components
        • Section 4 - Carbs - Fuel Charging - Throttle Bodies
        • Section 5 - Catalyst & Exhaust Systems
        • Section 6 - EGR Systems
        • Section 7 - Evaportive Emissions Systems
        • Section 8 - Inlet Air Temp Systems
        • Section 9 - PCV Systems
        • Section 10 - Thermactor Systems
        • Section 11 - Fuel Delivery Systems
        • Section 12 Idle Speed Control - Vacuum Type
        • Section 13 - Glossary
        • Section 14 - Idle Speed Control - Electronic
        • Section 15 - Ignition Systems Timing Procedures & Diagnostics
        • Section 16 - Shift Indicator Light
        • Section 17 - Emission Maint Warning Light Reset
        • Section 18 - EEC-IV Quick Test
        • Section 19 - EEC-IV Passenger Car
        • Section 20 - EEC-IV Light Trucks
        • Section 21 - EEC-IV Pinpoint Tests
        • Section 22 - Diesel Diagnostics 2L
        • Section 23 - Diesel Diagnostics 2.3L Turbo
        • Section 24 - Diesel Diagnostics 6.6L
        • Section 25 - Diesel Diagnostics 6.9L
      • 1986 EVTM
      • 1986 Ford Light Truck Accessories Brochure
      • 1986 Color & Trim Selection Options
      • 1986 F-Series Pickups
      • 1986 Operating Guide
      • 1986 Ford Trucks
      • 1986 Trailer Towing Guide
      • 1986 Rapid-Spec Pricing
      • 1986 Maintenance Schedule
      • 1986 Owner Guide
      • 1986 Exterior Colors
      • Standard & Utility Parts Catalog
    • Training Manuals >
      • Ignition System Theory & Operation
      • Gasoline Engine Operations
      • Air Inlet Control Systems
      • Electronic Fuel Injection
      • Electronic Fuel Injection - Operation & Diagnosis
      • Electrical Systems
      • Automotive Electrical Systems Review
      • Automotive Measuring Devices & Systems
      • Fastening Devices & Torquing Techniques
      • Automatic Overdrive Transmission
      • Fuel & Air Inlet System Theory & Operation
      • 6.9L Diesel Engine
      • Overhauling Diesel Engine
      • Exhaust & Emission System Theory & Operation
      • Basic Gasoline Engine
      • Effect Of Engine Design On Emissions & Performance
      • Engine Superchargers
      • Basic Turbochargers
      • Light Truck Rear Antilock Braking Systems
      • Noise Vibration & Harshness
      • Non-EEC Related Driveability Diagnosis
      • Electronic Steering & Suspension Systems
      • Distributorless Ignition Systems
      • Compressor & Clutch Overhaul - Dealer Installed AC Systems
      • EEC-IV Sensors & Actuators
      • Microprocessor Control Unit Systems
      • TOD & SROD Four-Speed Manual Transmissions
    • Miscellaneous Literature >
      • Car & Driver 1980 Bronco Test
      • DeeZee >
        • DeeZee 1986 Catalog
        • DeeZee Cab Organizer Brochure
        • DeeZee Lited Grille Instructions
        • DeeZee Lited Running Board Instructions
        • DeeZee Side Box Board Instructions
      • Centurion
      • Gear Vendors Over-Underdrive Manual
      • Kelsey Electric Brake Controller Installation Instructions
      • Master Parts Catalog
      • Service Life >
        • Service Life Spring 1982
    • Index & Contents
    • Library Overview
  • About
  • Truck Shows
    • 2017 Truck Show
    • 2018 Truck Show
    • 2019 Truck Show
    • 2020 Truck Show >
      • Entrant #1: Dad's Truck
      • Entrant #2: Big Blue
      • Entrant #3: Tommy Sides 1986 F150
      • Entrant #4: Darth/Bill Vose
      • Entrant #5: Sam Noller's 1985 Bronco
      • Entrant #6: Mein Laster
      • Entrant #7: Andre's Bronco
      • Entrant #8: Chad's Rosebud
      • Entrant #9: Matthew’s Truck of Doom
      • Entrant #10: Ron's Flareside
      • Entrant #11: Cory's Blue Mule
      • Entrant #12: Ratdude747'S 1984 F150
      • Entrant #13: Ratdude747's '95 Ranger
      • Entrant #14: Heinz' 1986 F150
      • Entrant #15: Anna's Toy
      • Entrant #16: Frank's 1981 F-150 Custom
      • Entrant # 17: Petes 1981 F150 Flareside
      • Entrant #18: Eric's F250 XLT Lariat
      • Entrant #19: Geejaypea's Georgian Hulk
      • Entrant #20: JohnnyBronco85's Bronco
      • Entrant #21: Skaeke's 1985 F150 Lariat
      • Entrant #22: Sam1982's F100
      • Entrant #23: NostraDanus' 1986 Bronco
      • Entrant #24: MarkF100's F100
      • Entrant #25: Bruce moose4x4's 1996 Bronco
      • Entrant #26: Bruce Mooose4x4's 1995 F150
      • Entrant #27: Troy/66gtk's 1983 F150 XL SWB 4x2
      • Entrant #28: Matt Wood's 1985 Bronco
      • Entrant #29: WelderScott's '78 F150
      • Entrant #30: Mehmetcelikel's Brownie Dually
      • Entrant #31: Kristopherdb's 1985 Flairside 4x4
      • Entrant #32: Clifton's Tessa
      • Entrant #33: BinFord's Beverly
      • Entrant #34: BinFord's Crackling Rosie
      • Entrant #35: Dan aka dblohowiak's 1986 F250HD
      • Entrant #36: Jonathan's 1981 F150
      • Entrant #37: Jonathan's 1995 F Superduty
      • Entrant #38: Jonathan's 1986 F350 short bed crew cab IDI
      • Entrant #39: Brian's 1986 F250
      • Entrant #40: Jay's 1986 F150
      • Entrant #41: Eddie's 1981 F100 Custom
      • Entrant #42: Nick & George's Brutus
      • Entrant #43: Matthew's 1983 F350
      • Entrant #44: Hogie's 81 F250
      • Entrant #45: TontoKowalski's 1985 F150
      • Entrant #46: Danny's 1982 Bronco
      • Entrant #47: Greg's 1980 F150 Ranger XLT
      • Entrant #48: Chris' 1982 XLS
      • Entrant #49: Chris' 1985 Bronco
      • Entrant #50: Ken & Kathy's 1977 F250
      • Entrant #51: Ken & Kathy's 1985 Flareside
      • Entrant #52: Kevin/Teach's F250 Lariat
    • 2021 Truck Show
    • 2022 Truck Show
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    • 2025 Truck Show
  • Test Page
  • Forum Information
    • Guidelines
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    • Forum FAQ's
    • Member's Map
    • Forum & Website Issues
    • Merchandise
  • Documentation
    • 3D Printing >
      • Brake Booster Pushrod Gauge
    • How To Decode Ford Part Numbers
    • Accessories >
      • Air Horns
      • CB Radio
      • Roll Bar
      • Step
      • Tie Down Hooks
      • Tonneau Cover
    • Body >
      • Bronco Rear Window
      • Bronco Roof
      • Body Shell, Exterior Trim, Frame & Underbody
      • Door Latches & Locks
      • Door Hinges Checks & Weatherstrips
      • Doors Hood & Tailgate General Service
      • Front Door Window Glass & Mechanisms
      • Hood & Hinges
      • Hood Latch
      • Lock Cylinders & Keys
      • Power Door Locks
      • Power Windows
      • Stationary Glass - Butyl Seal
      • Stationary Glass - Weatherstrip Seal
      • Tailgate
      • Vent Window Mechanism
      • Window Glass & Mechanisms - General Service
    • Bullnose FAQ's
    • Bullnose Upgrades
    • Calibration Info & Part #'s
    • Cooling Systems >
      • Engine Cooling System Training Manual
      • Cooling Fan #'s & Illustrations
      • Cooling System Illustrations
      • Coolant Recovery & Windshield Washer Reservoirs
      • Elbows
      • Heater Hoses
      • Hose Clamps
      • Radiator Hoses
      • Radiator Support
      • Radiators
      • Shroud Part #'s
      • Thermostats
      • Water Pump #'s & Illustrations
    • Driveline >
      • 4WD Front Hubs & Rotors
      • Axles & Differentials
      • Bell Housings
      • Brakes
      • Calculators
      • Clutches and Linkage
      • Drive Shafts
      • Engine Plates
      • Rear Axle Vents
      • Skid Plates
      • Transfer Cases
      • Transmissions >
        • Transmission & Transfer Case Ratios
        • Automatic Transmission >
          • Automatic Transmission Applications
          • General Automatic Transmission Service
          • Automatic Overdrive (AOD)
          • C6
          • Kickdown Linkage
          • Neutral Start Switch
        • Manual Transmissions >
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YOUR CART

351M AND 400

M-Block part numbers, illustrations, oiling system mod's, thermostats, etc
First, let's talk terminology - there is no such thing as a "400M".  There are 351M's and there are 400's, but no 400M.

A little background: Ford didn't put a letter on their engines, like 351C, unless there was more than one engine with the same cubic inch displacement.  So, when what we know of as the 351W was introduced in 1970 Ford had a dilemma as they already had another 351 cubic inch engine - what we know of now as the 351C.  It appears that Ford decided to tack a letter suffix on to the cubic inch, and that letter was taken from the foundry where the engines were, for the most part, cast - Cleveland and Windsor.

Meanwhile they introduced the 400, which is the tall-block big brother to the 351C as both are in the 335 Series, and the taller block gave them the ability to increase the stroke from 3.5" to 4.0" to get the torque needed for the land barges and trucks.  Later Ford destroked the 400 to 3.5" and that gave them a third 351 cubic inch engine - what we know of as the 351M.  However, the origins of the "M" are shrouded in mystery.  Some say it stands for Michigan and some say Modified, and no one seems to know for sure.  But
Joe Viola pointed out to me references in Ford's Master Parts Catalog which refer to the engine as a Modified.  The seven I can find in any of the MPC's that cover the years those engines were used are shown below.  However, I can't say that this constitutes proof that Ford officially called the 351M a Modified.  
However, the 400 was never called a 400M as there was not another 400 cubic inch engine.  But, you might ask what my source is.  Easy - Ford's Master Parts Catalog.  The 351's are identified as 351C's, 351W's, and 351M's in the MPC, but not so the 400.  As an example of that, scroll down a bit and click on the Part Numbers tab and take a look at the extract from the MPC.  Yep, it says "351M" and "400".  In fact, no where in the 5047 pages of the 1980 - 89 MPC does Ford use the term "400M".

And, there are plenty of other Ford publications that use the same terminology.  How 'bout the TSB on Power Valve Vacuum Hose, for one?

EDIT: On January 9th, 2019 Hot Rod published an article entitled How To Build A 351 Cleveland.  See if you think they agree with my logic.  😉​

Now, regarding the reputation of the 351M and 400 engines.  Over the years I've heard very few good words said about them.  Dad's truck had the M and it never got reasonable gas mileage, about 10 MPG, and really didn't have much power.  And I think that pretty well describes the experience of many others.  However, when I got Rusty I discovered that a warmed-up M can have power and better economy.  That got me to wondering why the M & 400 had such a bad reputation when Rusty's engine showed that they were capable of much more.

After a lot of research, including perusing ​Bubba's site, reading George Reid's book on Ford 351 Cleveland Engines, and talking extensively with the Cleveland engine guru Tim Meyer, I came to realize that the main problem with the 351M & 400 is a lack of compression.  They have much better-flowing cylinder heads than the Windsors.  But unfortunately there's not much that can be done to raise the compression on an M as there aren't pistons available that will give much more than 8.0:1 - if that.  However, Tim has pistons for a 400 that can give about any compression ratio you desire.  And, all it takes to make a 351M into a 400 is a crank from a 400 and the right pistons.  (Yep, the rods, heads, intake, etc are all the same for those two engines.)

Another issue with these engines is the oiling system, but Tim has a mod for that, as discussed on the Oiling System Mod's tab.  So, don't be afraid to build your M or 400 up, and if you want pistons then Tim's the guy to talk to.

So, why replace your 400 with a much bigger and heavier 460?  Yes, 460's have lots of torque, and they can be built up for less than a 400 since there's so much aftermarket support.  But, they are heavy and guzzle gas.  Why not build up an under-dog and have something different?
  • Part #'s
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  • Engine Part #'s
  • Starters & Flywheels
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There has been some discussion about what flywheels and starters the 351M and 400 engines take.  And, from the attached 1980 - 89 Ford Master Parts Catalog entries I can see why.  But, Bubba's site clears that up very nicely.  It says "Both 351M and 400 engines have the same 28 oz-in crankshaft imbalance, so all M-block flywheels have the same balancing counterweight, and they can be interchanged without vibration or balance problems."  But, Ford muddied the water in 1985 when they issued a replacement manual transmission flywheel (E5TZ-6375-H) that is drilled for both 11" and 12" clutches - as shown on the 1989 era Master Parts Catalog captures below.

So:
  • Automatic transmissions: Both engines take D1AZ 6375-A flexplate, which is the same unit used in cars from 1971 forward
  • Manual transmissions:
    • 351M: D7TE-6375-A  This is drilled for an 11" clutch, and probably used in trucks from 1977 forward given the "D7".  Tim Meyer says "11 inch flywheels have 3/8" evenly spaced bolts."
    • 400: D7TE-6375-B, which is drilled for a 12" clutch, and probably used in trucks from 1977 forward given the "D7".  Tim says "12 inch flywheels have 5/16" bolts in 3 pairs."
But, that leaves the question of what starter.  Well, Bubba says the ring gears were all the same on the flywheels (D7TZ-6384-A).  However, from the parts catalog it appears that Ford replaced the earlier starter (D8AF-11001-AA) in January of '81 with a revised one (E1TF-11001-BA).  I don't know what the differences are, but since the flex plate and ring gears didn't change then the starters are  interchangeable.  And, note that the catalog entries don't differentiate between automatic and manual transmissions - the same starter works for both.
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These specifications are from the light truck facts book supplied to the dealers:
  • 351M
  • 400
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These are the 1980 specifications:
These are the 1981 specifications:
These are the 1980 specifications:
1981 specifications:
These are the 1982 specifications:
Ford's 335 Series engines use a bit different oiling system than most other engines, and consequently many have low oil pressure - especially at idle. In fact, both Rusty, after its rebuild, and Dad's engine, before its rebuild, had a hot-idle oil pressure of about 10 psi. Fortunately, Cleveland engine guru Tim Meyers has a solution for that.

This diagram of Tim's shows what the original flow was like and what needs to be done to fix it:
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In words:
  1. Drill the feed from #1 main toward the passenger's side gallery out to 7/16", tap it 1/4" NPT, and insert a plug
  2. Drill the passage from #1 main toward, but not to, the cam bearing out to 5/16"
  3. Install Tim's special cam bearings according to the directions that come with them.

If you are like me and want to see how what you are doing fits into the overall oiling system picture, here's my rendition:
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Here's the pipe plug after I drilled and tapped the #1 main in Dad's engine:
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And here's a picture of me drilling out the passage going toward (not to!) the cam bearings:
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But, if you are like me and can't let "well enough" alone, then I believe there are a couple more things that can easily be done to help the engine's elixir of life flow.  First up is to modify the oil filter adapter.  Here's a picture of three of them, with a new one on the right, the one I pulled out of Dad's engine in the middle and sporting dings from the Vise Grips (red arrow), and the modified one on the left.  Since this is the view the oil flowing out of the filter will see, a little bit of rounding of the opening will allow the oil to flow more easily.
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Then there's the nasty corner below (above in reality) the adapter which the oil has to get past.  In my estimation this is going to cause turbulence and impede the flow.
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​So, I blended that edge like this.  And, as you can see, I also blended the incoming hole so the oil can more easily make that transition.
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So, does it work?  Well, I sent the engine to Tim for him to assemble and haven't gotten it back yet.  But, I did go up and watch it run on his dyno, and the mod's certainly work.  After several minutes warming up and 6 pulls on the dyno, where it showed 500 ft-lbs, the idle oil pressure was 20 psi.  In other words, the mod's work quite well.  
The 335 series engines are a bit unusual in that they don't have the typical external bypass hose that moves coolant through the block when the thermostat is closed.  Instead they have an internal bypass system that provides the same function, and it has the advantage of not having a hose that can go bad.

But, it requires a different thermostat than other Ford engines.  How do I know this?  On the right there's a snippet from Ford's Master Parts Catalog.  If you click on it you'll get a bigger picture where you can see that the 351M/400 takes a different thermostat than the other V8's - an RT-139.
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So, what is an RT-139 and why is it different?  In the pic on the left, below, (thanks, FilthyBeast), you can see that it has a "skirt" or "bell" on the bottom.  That's because it is a "bottom-bypass" thermostat, and that skirt blocks the hole you can see in the engine, thereby stopping the flow of coolant into the block that is bypassing the radiator.  And in the pic on the right you can see the bypass thermostat compared to a standard thermostat.
The whole process of thermostat opening and coolant bypass is well-described on this ARE page, but here's Reader's Digest version:
  • Cold Engine: The skirt is up, as in the pic, and the thermostat is closed so the coolant cannot go to the radiator.  Instead it goes through that hole to the engine, bypassing the radiator.
  • Warm Engine: The thermostat opens and the skirt drops down into that hole.  So coolant flows to the radiator and is blocked from going directly back to the engine.
However, many people don't know about the bypass and don't use the special thermostat.  By my calculations that means they'll be recirculating over 10% of the coolant back into the block without sending it through the radiator.  In other words, that immediately reduces the cooling capacity of the system by ​at least 10%.

​So, you might ask what thermostats are correct for these engines.  The list isn't all that long, but here are the ones I know of:
  • Track Boss: Tim Meyer is having the original high-flow Robert-Shaw thermostats for the 335-Series engines made again.  At one time those 'stats were the sought-after ones for the 335 Series engines.  But, unfortunately they've been out of production for a number of years.  According to the salesman with Caltherm: "Robert Shaw Thermostats were bought out by Copper Standard. We (Caltherm) since then have bought out Copper Standard. So the short answer for you is Caltherm currently makes the Robert Shaw Thermostats". However, that was just for the basic Robert Shaw thermostats, not the special ones for the 335 engines.  But, Tim Meyer says "The reason the Cleveland-correct thermostat was discontinued originally was the tool that makes the "hat" broke, and they chose not to repair it. So we paid to have the tool replaced, and that is how the Track Boss thermostat is the old Robert-Shaw thermostat."  Once again Tim proves to be The Man when it comes to the 335 Series engines.  
  • Motorcraft RT-139:  This one is said to obsolete but they do turn up from time to time
  • Robert-Shaw 333-195:  This was a high-flow thermostat and was the preferred one for many people.  However, it is no longer available.  (See TMeyer, above.)  But, if you have an old one you can pull the bell off of it and place it on their 303-195 as that seems to be the only difference.
  • Gates 33129
  • Napa 297
  • Stant 13469
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​Now, if you really like to research things, here are just four of the threads on FTE that discuss thermostats in more detail.  (But wait, there's more!)
  • The Dreaded 351M/400 Thermostat Question  (1973 - 79 FTE forum)
  • Special Thermostats  (335 Series FTE forum)
  • Really Hate Asking This Question  (1973 - 79 FTE forum)
  • Dads Engine (1980 - 86 FTE forum)
  • TMeyer Opinion On Thermostats (335 Series FTE forum)
This section is from Ford's 1981 factory service manual: